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Year of the Lash
Year of the Lash (in Spanish, Año del Cuero) is a term used in Cuba in reference to 1844. In that year the Spanish colony was wracked by accusations of a planned slave revolt known as the Conspiración de La Escalera. The term "Year of the Lash" refers generally to the harsh response toward the revolt by Cuban authorities, whereby thousands of Afro-Cubans (both slave and free) were executed, imprisoned, or banished from the island. La Escalera (the ladder) alludes to the fact that slave suspects were bound to ladders and whipped with the lash when they were interrogated.〔Paquette, Robert L., ''Sugar is Made With Blood: The Conspiracy of La Escalera and the Conflict between Empires over Slavery in Cuba,'' Wesleyan University Press, 1988, page 4.〕
Historians have debated over the years whether the Conspiracy of La Escalera was real or whether it was largely an invention of the Spanish authorities to justify a crackdown on abolitionists and the Afro-Cuban population, though at this point there seems to be a consensus that some kind of revolt was planned. The British consul to Cuba, David Turnbull, was convicted ''in absentia'' of being the "prime mover" of the conspiracy. Turnbull had already been expelled by Cuban authorities two years earlier.〔Paquette, 3, 156.〕
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抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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